Artrópodes de solo habitantes da caatinga sob manejo florestal (Fazenda Alvorada, São Gonçalo do Amarante, Ceará)

Abstract

Caatinga is the predominant vegetation in semi-arid ortheast of Brasil, characterized by deciduous plants that lose their leaves during the dry season. One of the practices that have contributed to the loss of diversity is the indiscriminate exploitation of natural vegetation for fuel wood, the effects are devastating, especially in the biome that is considered one of the weakest. Aiming to logging legalized and sustainable manner, from 2012 were approved Forest Management Plans. To ensure the sustainability of the forest management plan is necessary to conduct research to assess the possible impacts on soil arthropods, as these organisms react quickly to any change within an environment. Given the above the present study aims to report information on the major groups of organisms inhabitants of the soil (soil Arthropods or edaphic), as well as the effect of forest management plan on organisms present in an area of Caatinga. They selected five areas that adopt Forest Management Plan in different stages of succession (T1-area without being exploited to six months; T2-area without being exploited to 2-3 years; T3-area without being exploited to 5-6 years; T4-area without being exploited for 10-11 years; Te-Control represented by legal reserve area (not exploited), where 'Pitfall' were set four traps in each area from the arthropod cological indices were calculated: Shannon-Weaver (H') and the Uniformity Index Pielou (e), the species richness and used multivariate analysis. -Principal Component analysis (PCA) found the presence of several species of arthropods that were grouped to Order level, and found seven to 14 groups. It was also found that Acari, Collembola, Formicidae and Diptera were the most representative groups in quantity and the cycle of 10 years of exploration Caatinga following the Forest Management Plan has ecosystem restoration.