Socialização: fronteira entre a sociologia e a neurociência

Abstract

This thesis studies the possible interface between sociology and evolutionary biology (represented by neuroscience). To this end, we made the reconstitution of the affinities between areas since the birth of both the nineteenth century, with Durkheim and Darwin until the appearance of sociobiology and neuroscience, whose leitmotif was the relationship between natural selection and adaptive cultural selection and brain evolution. First, we seek to answer key research questions about the intersection between areas and the relationship between the process of socialization and the synaptic exuberance of the human brain. Second, we seek to identify the empirical expression of these processes among adolescents/young people are completing primary school. Finally, we evaluate how the concept of socialization is being worked on in high school, after the return of compulsory sociology study in 2008, taking into account the public this level of education is experiencing intense brain restructuring that prepares you for adulthood. The theoretical support of the thesis was based on authors who in their areas sought convergence of sciences, among them: Richard Dawkins and the theory of "memes" as cultural replicators, that based what we call adaptive cultural selection; and Edgar Morin and the theory of "epistemological junction" between the social sciences and the disciplines derived from evolutionary biology.