Avaliação de silagens de espécies de potencial uso forrageiro no semiárido

Abstract

The objective of the study was to evaluate the nutritional quality of silage shrub-tree adapted to semi-arid northeastern Brazil, and includes some of the species studied as additives in elephant grass silage with function improve fermentation characteristics and chemical, qualitative characteristics of silages. The collection of forage and silage production were performed in the Forage Section of the Federal University of Ceara and the analysis bromatological performed in the Laboratory of Animal Nutrition of the Federal University of Ceara. The first experiment was to evaluate the chemical composition of the silages of forage legume adapted to arboreal-shrubby Caatinga. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with four replications and six treatments which consisted of the silages jurema preta, sabia, algaroba, jucá, leucaena and gliricidia. As experimental silos were used mini silos with dimensions of 0.10 m in diameter by 0.35 tall, with ensiled material density around 600 kg/m³ based on natural. For silages of leguminous shrub-tree period for opening the silage was 42 days after the making thereof, sufficient time for the anaerobic fermentation material. We analyzed chemical composition of silages of forage species to see which silages from legumes had good chemical, qualitative characteristics and which had better potential for silage production. All silages, except the sabia, showed good chemical composition, especially with good crude protein and neutral detergent fiber digestibility and in vitro, demonstrating the potential for a good intake and utilization of roughage. The second experiment evaluated the inclusion of sabia and jurema preta in elephant grass silage. The experiment and analyzes the example of the first was held in the same locations. Treatments were the inclusion of 0, 10, 20 and 30% of jurema and/or sabia in elephant grass silages. In elephant grass silages with increasing levels of sabia and jurema preta, plus reviews of chemical-bromatological characteristics were calculated losses of silage fermentation (losses effluent gases and total losses). The elephant grass silages with inclusion levels of sabia and jurema preta reduced effluent losses influenced by levels of addition, but the elephant grass silage added with sabia increased by gaseous losses and total losses. Regarding the chemical-bromatological composition of silages with addition of legumes, improvements were observed in fermentation characteristics in terms of decreasing the losses effluents, besides improving its features chemical-bromatological character due to the inclusion of forage.