Avaliação clínico-epidemiológico de pacientes portadores de carcinoma de células escamosas oral irresecável em dois hospitais de referência da cidade de Fortaleza-Ce/Brasil

Abstract

Introduction: Worldwide, oral cancer is the sixth more common cancer, the squamous cell carcinoma is the most prevalent histological type, representing 90-95% of all oral cavity malignant tumors. It occurs mainly in mild age males, and presents risk factors such as, tobacco, alcohol, U.V. radiation and human papiloma virus (HPV). It’s still common the diagnosis of Oral Squamous Cells Carcinoma (OSCC) in advanced stages, difficulting treatment and reducing survival rates. In order to increase survival rates and give a better quality of life and death, chemoradiation has been used in unresectable OSCC. Methods: Medical records of patients with unresectable oral cancer, from January 2004 to December 2008, attended in two states’ reference center were assessed. Collected variables were gender, age, anatomical site of lesion, histological grade, treatment performed and survival. Results: In analyzed period, fifty two medical records were assessed. Male were the most affected, with a 1,8:1 male:female ratio. There was a peak of incidence in fifth to seventh decades of life, and there wasn’t found patients under the fourth decade of life. Only one patient wasn’t associated with risk factors, tobacco or tobacco and alcohol were the associated risk factors found. There was a high prevalence of stage 4 OSCC (50 patients), and chemoradiation was the most used treatment. Conclusion: As shown in literature, the epidemiological data found in this study presents a higher prevalence of oral cancer among mild age males, with tobacco being the main risk factor. The fact that most patients are economically active shows the importance of early diagnosis, as advanced stages diagnosis reduces survival rates and difficults the reinsertion of these people in society. Chemoradiation is an evolution in treatment of such tumors, achieving a better quality of life and death and a loco regional control of disease. Key words: Oral Neoplasms; Esquamous Cell Carcinoma; Mouth; Epidemiology.