Análise do SNP C892T do gene HSP70 como marcador de resistência do camarão Litopenaeus vannamei ao vírus da mionecrose infecciosa - IMNV

Abstract

This study assessed the C892T polymorphism of the HSP70 gene in two Litopenaeus vannamei strains regarding resistance/susceptibility to infectious myonecrosis, using allelic discrimination through real-time PCR. Post-larvae from two strains of shrimp, one selected for growth (L.C) and one selected for resistance to infectious myonecrosis virus (L.R) were obtained from two commercial hatcheries. At the end of the growth period, it was observed that L.C achieved a higher average weekly growth rate compared to L.R (1.18 g / week and 0.97g / week, respectively). However, under experimental challenge, L.R obtained a better performance against exposure to the virus, reaching the 30th day post infection with 13% survival, while L.C reached 100% mortality at 12 days post injection. The evolution of viral load was similar in both strains. Shrimp categorized as susceptible presented 103 to 105 IMNV copies/μg RNA, while shrimp considered resistant presented 106 to 107 viral copies/ μg RNA. In contrast to what could be expected, allele T of the SNP C892T, which was previously associated with viral resistance, was less frequent in L.R than in L.C. However, its frequency was higher in the resistant group of each lineage. This may be associated with lower genetic variability found in L.R when compared to L.C. The allelic discrimination assay through qPCR allowed successful genotyping for this research showing that SNP C892T is associated with resistance groups / susceptibility to infectious myonecrosis virus. This evidence supports the hypothesis of interaction of this marker with viral diseases present in aquaculture and its potential application in selection programs of shrimp strains resistant to specific pathogens.