Staphylocuccus coagulase positiva e enterotoxinas em queijo coalho

Abstract

It was evaluated the incidence of Staphylococcus sp. and Staphylococcus positivecoagulase in 80 samples of industrialized and artisanal “coalho” cheese commercialized in several selling points in Fortaleza-Ceará, as well the detection of staphylococcal enterotoxins in “coalho” cheese samples and in the isolated strains of Staphylococcus positive-coagulase. From the 80 samples of “coalho” cheese analysed, 44 (55%) were artisanal produced, being 33 (41,25%) samples of Ceará and 11 (13,75%) from other states; 13 (16,25%) industrialized with State Inspection Service (SIE) register and 23 (28,75%) industrialized with Federal Inspection Service (SIF) register. The incidence of Staphylococcus sp. in the analyzed samples of artisanal “coalho” cheese from Ceará, from other states and in the samples of industrialized “coalho” cheese with SIE, was of 100%; except for one unique (4,35%) industrialized “coalho” cheese sample with SIF register, which didn’t presented count of Staphylococcus sp. The incidence of samples with Staphylococcus sp. occurred in: 33 Ceará artisanal samples, varying from 6,0x104 to 8,9x107 UFC/g; in 11 samples of artisanal cheese from other states, varying from de 2,2 x 105 a 8,9 x 107 UFC/g; in 13 samples of industrialized cheese with SIE, varying from 9,0 x 104 a 4,3 x 107 UFC/g. These results showed a significative percentage (95,65%) of Staphylococcus sp. To the industrialized cheese. However, the contamination levels of Staphylococcus positive-coagulase in the analyzed “coalho” cheese were of: 23 (53,49%) artisanal Ceará cheese samples, with counts from 1,2 x 105 to 5,9 x 107 UFC/g; 7 (16,28%) artisanal samples from other states with counts from 6,9 x 105 to 2,6 x 107 UFC/g; 9 (20,93%) samples to the industrialized SIE register cheeses, with counts from 4,4 x 104 to 1,7 x 107 UFC/g; 4 (9,30%) samples to the industrialized “coalho” with SIF with counts from 4,7 x 105 to 2,7 x 106 UFC/g. From the 43 samples of “coalho” cheese contaminated with Staphylococcus positive-coagulase, the majority (21 samples) presented counts from 1 x 106 to 1 x 107 UFC/g. The high incidence of Staphylococcus positive-coagulase puts the consumer’s health in risk. For the staphylococcal enterotoxins analysis, there were obtained 43 extracts from the “coalho” cheese contaminated samples and 12 extracts of selected strain pools of Staphylococcus positive-coagulase, to be submitted to the detection of staphylococcal enterotoxins by the ELFA method in the VIDAS® system of bioMérieux. Inspite the high counts of Staphylococcus positive-coagulase, no staphylococcal enterotoxins were detected in any of the 43 samples of industrialized and artisanal “coalho” cheese. From the 12 strains pools of Staphylococcus positivecoagulase submitted to the detection of enterotoxins, only one strain pool (8,33%) was able to produce staphylococcal enterotoxins. These results indicate the need to orient the producers concerning to the raw material’s quality, suitable hygienic conditions and manipulation in the manufacturing of artisanal cheese; and a greater attention and fiscalization by the responsable organs, in order to practice the implementation of more rigid actions in the processing of this product, including Good Manufacturing Practices in the whole production chain for the guaranty of the products’ quality offered to the consumer and for the maintenance of the public health.