Avaliação sócio-econômica ex-post de obras hidráulicas no estado do Ceará

Abstract

This study seeks to analyze the actual social and economic impacts of hydraulic works after their implementation. The works studied were the adductors of Cascavel and Trici-Tauá, which both began operation between 1999 and 2000. The observed ex-post goal refers to the fifth year of operation of the adductor system, which was 2005. The rankings in “Índice de Desenvolvimento Municipal (IDM)”, “Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano (IDH)” and “Índices de Desenvolvimento Social de Oferta (IDS-O)” and “Resultado (IDS-R)” were used as the criterion for measuring social impact. The “Índice Nacional de Custos da Construção (INCC)” and the “Índice Geral de Preço de Mercado (IGPM) were utilized for the correction and analysis of economic gains. In addition to the index data for the towns benefiting from the system under consideration, some development data were also used from the following towns which are in geographical situations similar to Tauá and Cascavel, but are not beneficiaries of an adductor system: Acaraú, Quiterianópolis and Boa Viagem. A new estimate was made of the size of the population benefited by the end of the life expectancy of the adductors, equivalent to 20 years. The conclusion in Cascavel is equivalent to that originally proposed by the project, with a difference less than 0,50%. However, in case of Trici-Tauá the population receiving benefit is found to be lower than the original project estimate by 29,50%. It is concluded that there were economic benefits of a reduced construction cost for the adductors by exchanging iron pipes for lower-cost Reinforced PVC (RPVC) pipes. Furthermore, economic gains for the State were also found by comparing the expenses of the “Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS)” in treating infectious intestinal diseases spread primarily through the ingestion of untreated water, both before and after the implementation of the adductor. In Cascavel the degree of economic development was more visible, whereas in Tauá the social benefits were more significant.