Validação de tecnologia assistiva sobre o preservativo feminino para a mulher com deficiência visual

Abstract

In the area of ​​sexual and reproductive health, the lack of adequate and adapted information contributes to the increased vulnerability of the person with visual impairment in relation to sexually transmitted diseases. Alert to the urgent need to develop methods and materials accessible to this clientele. Assistive technology is an enabler element that can help the person with disabilities in carrying out activities, providing greater independence. This study aimed to validate the assistive technology Build to learn how to use the female condom for women with visual impairment. methodological development study, conducted in five institutions located in Fortaleza and Recife. Pasquali was used as a methodological framework. Data collection was carried out between the months of December 2014 to September 2015. Participants 100 women with visual disabilities over 18 years. Assistive technology consists of the Model of the vaginal canal and the assembly instructions and use of the female condom in audio. The pilot test was conducted before the technology is applied to a statistically significant sample. Participants were invited in person by visiting the institutions. After acceptance, they received the necessary materials for construction and use of technology. Then, the technology mounted and used according to the instructions and individually answered the instruments. Data were organized in tables. The associations between Assistive Technology Assessment Scale and the variables age, disability, marital status, education, started sex life and female condom use were analyzed by odds ratio and its 95% and by the Chi-tests square and likelihood ratio. The validation of the technology was conducted by the binomial test. The suggestions and contributions to be coherent were accepted and incorporated into the technology. The ethical aspects were respected under Resolution 466/12, approved under number 851469. The ages of the women ranged from 18 to 75 years, with 54% up to 40 years and most with blindness (55%), because of glaucoma disability (29%), unmarried (62%) attended high school (64%) and they have a family income of up to two minimum wages (58%). Most women started sex life (81%), did gynecological examination in the past three years (83%) and reported having presented vaginal discharge (49%). Most of the women already know the same female condom that only hearsay, but only 11% have used it in sex. All items were in satisfactory agreement ≥ 72% (p <0.0001). Most women (81%) could assemble and use independently technology. The main improvements made in technology were added half a craft paper to replace the plastic bag; placing the alloy in sponges before forming the tube; replace the size 15x15cm, the size of an open hand, as not all have access to appropriate rule to know the centimeters; change the statement asking to form a figure eight with the smaller ring, as many do not know the eight, due in Braille to be different; and replace some words / expressions. It is concluded that assistive technology Build to learn how to use the female condom for women with visual impairment has been validated and is a valid strategy for the promotion and education on sexual health for women with visual impairment.