Complexo industrial e portuário do Pecém: promoção ou ameaça ao desenvolvimento sustentável regional?

Abstract

The growing shortage of natural resources and a greater occurrence of environmental disasters heat up the debate about the importance of previously analysing the consequences of the anthropic pressure made and critically reevaluate the relation between society and its natural and artificial environment in this historical setting, in which the concept of sustainable development takes shape and importance. Even though it is acknowledged the importance of indicators to measure the sustainable development, it is hard to believe that there will be some formula of wide acceptation due the existence of serious operational and conceptual rifts and blocks. Among the governmental programs that aim to correct distortions in all dimensions, it was elaborated, in Ceará, the plan of sustainable development – PSD of the state government. This plan incorporated the notion of sustainability in its development plans since 1995 and presented as goal the improvement of the quality of life of the population in period of time of 25 years, raising expectations of reduction of social inequalities. One of the goals in the Cearense government PSD is the implementation of the Pecém Industrial Port Complex – CIPP, a structutural state project that has the objective to make the operation of integrated industrial and portuary activities possible, paramount to the development. In the light of the above, the questioning to the developmental model proposed by the government came up, which discourse defines the model as sustainable. This is study aims to analyze how the developmental model proposed and financed by the government of the municipality of São Gonçalo do Amarante encourages the so called sustainable development. It has been observed that the investment attraction policy has placed a high priority on the service and industrial sectors, among other initiatives, which also promoted serious social (rural exodus, homelessness, lack of basic sanitation.) and environmental (defloration, loss of biodiversity, damage to water resources) problems. In addition, it has intensified even more the inequalities between the urban and rural regions for having diminished the prospects for employment in the countryside. It is suggested the adoption of possible corrective measures, as the planning of urbanization, good professional training for the local population, implementation of measures that encourage cultural and economical practices with dynamic nature, adoption of clean technology in all areas of operation, such as engineering, architecture, transportation, etc.