Reações de redução, hidrólise e resolução de racematos, usando como biocatalisador células íntegras de sementes de gergelim Sesamum indicum L

Abstract

The present work reports the use of enzyme present in the sesame seeds in the in reduction, hydrolysis and esterification reactions. A series of reactions using as seeds black chemotype extract (SBS) were performed, using selected substrates such as acetophenone and halogenated acetophenones: 2-bromo-acetophenone, 3-bromo-acetophenone, 4-bromo-acetophenone, 2-chloro-acetophenone, 3-chloro-acetophenone, 4-chloro-acetophenone, 2-fluoro-acetophenone, 3-fluoro-acetophenone, 4-fluoro-acetophenone, 2,4-dichloro-acetophenone, 2,4-dibromo-acetophenone and 2,2,2-trifluoro-acetophenone. Experiments were also performed with substituted acetophenone such as 2-methoxy-acetophenone, 3-methoxy-acetophenone and 4-methoxy-acetophenone as well as acetophenones having amine group at C-2, C-3 and C-4 of the aromatic ring. Chiral alcohols were obtained vary from good to excellent yields, in some cases reactions proceeded with chemoselectivity, in others, with enantioselectivity. The second part of research involved the use of the enzyme system of sesame seeds in the esterification and esters hydrolysis. In these reactions were used germinated seeds (GSS) using methodology adapted from the literature. The compound 1,2-diphenyl-α-hydroxy-ethanone were selected as a standard substrate in acetylation reactions. The reactions using vinyl acetate as acylation agent and germinated seeds (GSS) yielded the product identified as α-ethyl- 1,2-diphenyl-ethanone. Optimized parameters were obtained including: amount of seed and substrate, reaction time, solvent, speed and temperature. All products were analyzed by TLC, HPLC, GC-MS and 1H NMR and enantiomeric excess were determined using chiral columns using HPLC.