Frações polissacarídicas obtidas a partir da alga vermelha gracilaria intermedia: um estudo químico estrutural, avaliação de atividade antioxidante e caracterização reológica

Abstract

The seaweed Gracilaria are important sources of agar sulfated polysaccharides that are commonly used in the food, pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries. For characterization of the media, the kelp was subjected to analysis of their chemical composition, which indicated their percentages of moisture, ash, protein and lipids. Extractions in which extraction by enzymatic digestion native extract (a seaweed is not subjected to pretreatments and obtaining the polysaccharides is by their boiling) is: For evaluation of red seaweed polysaccharides Gracilaria intermedia fractions were obtained for the following extraction methods seaweed is pretreated with NaOH and KOH in concentrations of 1% and 5%. The extracted material was subjected to colorimetric test chemical composition (protein content determination and quantification of carbohydrates, sulfate and 3,6-anhydro-galactose). The material was further analyzed by infrared spectroscopy with Fourier transform and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ( NMR). Antioxidant activity with each of the fractions obtained tests were performed. Antioxidants tests (total antioxidant capacity, chelation of ferrous ion) indicated that such polysaccharides have the ability to scavenge free radicals and significant dose-dependent manner. Due to these results, the polysaccharide obtained from seaweed Gracilaria show potential intermediate that they will not be used as a synthetic antioxidant compound. Experiments to evaluate the rheological behavior of aqueous solutions of polysaccharides under study were performed at 25 ± 1 °C, using stationary and dynamic oscillatory measurements, which indicated that the material obtained should be classified as pseudoplastic and highlighted the skills of such polymer solutions in acting as thickeners and gelling agents.