Avaliação genética de características produtivas e reprodutivas de animais da raça Girolando

Abstract

In order to estimate genetic parameters and correlated response to first milk production at 305 days (P305), age at first calving (IPP), first calving interval (IDP) and projected production (PP) Girolando created in Brazil, analyzed 9,632 records of births collected in several Brazilian herds in the period 2000-2010. The production of milk in 305 days, age at first calving, first calving interval and projected productions were analyzed using an animal model in univariate and bivariate. For P305 and IDP, the model included the fixed effects of contemporary group (CG), season of calving and cow age in days as a covariate (linear and quadratic) and random direct genetic effect. For IPP, the model was formed by contemporary group, season of birth and random direct genetic effect. The GC for P305, IDP and PP was defined as herd and year of birth, and the IPP effects of herd and year of birth. Variance components were estimated by restricted maximum likelihood (REML). In the first experiment, genetic trends were estimated by linear regression analyzes of breeding values, weighted by the number of observations, depending on the year of birth of the animal. The relative efficiency of indirect selection was obtained by dividing the correlated response for reproductive traits when selection was practiced for milk production and genetic gain direct. In the second experiment, including the random effect of permanent environment for P305 and PP. The lactation projected were from of 151, 181, 211 and 241 days and files formed with three levels (10, 40, 70 and 100%) for milk accumulated at 305 days (P305) projected by lactation (PP), totaling 16 files. Groups were formed coincidence of bulls by their breeding values for each substitution level and data projection. The mean values and standard deviations for P305, IPP and IDP were 4003.80 ± 1568.99 kg, 1071.40 ± 182.52 days and 440.10 ± 100.52 days, respectively. The estimated of heritability were 0.25, 0.20 and 0.03 for P305, IPP and IDP, respectively. The results suggest that the productions up to 305 days and age at first calving have additive genetic variability and can be used as selection criteria of Girolando breed. The genetic correlation between P305 and IDP was 0.13, between IPP and IDP, 0.18; between P305 and IPP, -0.59. The results indicate that the genetically superior animals for milk production are also earlier. However, the genetic gain for IPP will be greater if performed direct selection for the trait. Genetic trends for P305, IPP and IDP were 11.58 kg, -0.30 days and 0.02 days, respectively. The genetic gain IPP will be greater if performed direct selection for the trait. The increase of 257.0 kg of milk will result in 2.7 days more in the first calving interval. The estimate of herdabildiade (h ²) for P305 was 0.16. Already the PP showed h ² average 0.15, varying between from 0.14 to 0.16. Genetic correlations between P305 and PP were all equal to unity. Selecting bulls 1% higher for P305 obtained coincidence of 80% except for PP15070% and PP150100%. For other levels of selection, the coincidences were higher varying from 82 to 100%. It was found that the use of lactation projected from 150 days is an effective methodology for the inclusion of analysis information.