Os discursos do Projeto Saúde e Prevenção nas Escolas: adolescência, sexualidade e subjetivação

Abstract

Nowadays, the human sexuality has been much discussed and the teenager’s sexuality has been under focus. The practices at this field have been more and more developed by the schools through sexual education’s actions. One of those actions is the project Saúde e Prevenção nas Escolas (SPE), promoted by the Ministries of Education and Health. The project has already published and distributed many documentary materials to the students, professors and community. This dissertation aimed analyze which teenager subject and sexuality the project Saúde e Prevenção nas Escolas intends to produce with his documentary materials focused on the teenager’s sexual and reproductive health. This work follows an archeogenealogical perspective of the discourse analysis inspired by Michel Foucault, which considerers that the discourses work as practices and have the function of subjectivity production. At the first chapter, it is done a theoretical and methodological exposition about the main notions that guide this study: research with Foucault, subject and subjectivity, sexuality and discourse analysis, and also were exposed the research’s theoretical and methodological paths and choices. At the second chapter, some historical clues were searched about the knowledge and power involved at the interlocution between sexuality and school, questioning them with from a genealogic view. The third chapter worked the differences of addressing found at the materials from the SPE project, as also the strategies through which it wants to operate. At the fourth and last chapter, a questioning of the project’s enunciations was made. It was possible to observe that the materials from the SPE are a network of many discourses, like the pedagogical, juridical, psychological and medical, that organize dialogue, cancel, reinforce between themselves and make emerge a pedagogic discourse about sexual education. It was possible to conclude that a constant and heterogeneous struggle of forces surround the adolescent sexuality and the sexual education at schools. The SPE seems to want to take distance from a moral and strictly biological perspective of sexuality, while seeks to produce a teenager that has sexual liberty, but that is able to exercise it in a healthy and responsible way. Sexualities, bodies and subjectivities consistent with the biopower, that seems to still operate nowadays, are produced.