A expressão da concessividade no gênero notícia: uma estratégia argumentativa

Abstract

This work analyzes the expression of concessiveness in the discourse of the news enunciator. We considered the semantic-argumentative value of the concession, seen not in the rhetorical sense of "consenting", but in the sense of contrast, opposition, argumentatively interpreted. From this idea, we found out that concessiveness results of an oppositional game between the enunciator argument and what it implies as an objection by the enunciatee. In our analysis, we sought the concessiveness value not only conveyed by the prototypical concessive clauses, but through the use of many other linguistic resources. To carry our research on, we sougth for theoretical methodological foundation in the dialogical model proposed by Plantin (1996 and 2008), for whom the argumentative activity should be approached as a form of interaction characterized by the presence of a discourse and a counter discourse, organized as answer to an argumentative question (query), and in linguistic functionalism, which considers concessive constructions as important language options used by the speaker to try to influence the other one and cause him/her to share the point of view defended. In our research, we used 20 textual samples of news published in newspapers on the same subject. Among these samples, 10 texts are from a local newspaper (JCL), O Povo newspaper, and 10 other are form a national newspaper (JCN), Folha de São Paulo. In our analysis, we identified that the news enunciator uses various linguistic means to express the value of the concession and that this choice he/she makes is related to their own communicative purposes. The results showed us that the expression of concessiveness is a strategy used by the enunciator to develop an argumentative speech, in which it designs itself times as proposer, times as an opponent, and times as a third person, forwarding in its speech the other’s supposed divergence.