Implantação de um sistema de gerenciamento de resíduos químicos no laboratório de saneamento ambiental da UFC

Abstract

Despite Institutions Teaching and Research possess a fundamental role in the formation of its professionals, the lack of oversight and vision, along with the improper disposal of chemical waste, have led many laboratories and, consequently, many universities, polluting the environment, promote material waste and mismanagement perform its chemical waste liabilities and assets. Within this context, this work aims to propose a system for managing chemical waste generated at the Laboratory of Environmental Sanitation, Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Ceará, with a focus on preventive actions to minimize waste, followed by their treatment. For this, the methodology consisted initially of completing the inventory of chemical waste liabilities followed by characterization of unidentified reagents, which are amenable to reuse. Based on a questionnaire, it was possible to know the main active chemical analyzes generating waste and the situation of how these waste materials were processed in the laboratory. These residues were analyzed for the presence of heavy metals and submitted the metal copper in waste from the analysis of NTK and silver, mercury and hexavalent chromium in the waste analysis of COD. Thus, treatments have been proposed for each metal, which were quantitated using the techniques of X-ray fluorescence and atomic absorption spectroscopy, flame. It was possible to characterize 85.71% of unidentified reagents and thus reuse of 58,125% of the Labosan passive chemical waste. Through the technique of atomic absorption spectroscopy, flame (FAAS), the residue of NKT analysis showed 100% removal of this cover, while the COD analysis of the residue showed removal of 99.984% 99.975% silver and chrome . Thus, it was observed that the final supernatants of chrome and copper treatments showed results within the limits established by CONAMA Resolution No. 430/2011. Through the technique of fluorescence (XRF) X-rays, it was found that solid precipitates of heavy metals showed high purities, such as silver which had purity of 99.223% and the mercury that had purity of 93.540%. Thus, the study supports the need to investigate further all waste generated in Labosan, as also with the implementation of a program of Chemical Waste Management in the UFC.