Variação entre futuro do presente, futuro perifrástico e presente com valor de futuro na mídia cearense impressa

Abstract

In this paper, we analyze, in the light of Socialfunctionalism, the variation between the present future, periphrastic future (IR + INFINITIVE) and present with future value, considering linguistic and extralinguistic conditions from the data extracted from printed media in the state of Ceará . To do so, we tested three groups of formal linguistic factors ( word extension, subject of speech, and polarity), three groups of discursive linguistic factors (point of futurity, temporal distancing, and type of verb) and three extralinguistic groups (editorial, newspaper and source the data). Our corpus was collected from ten copies of each of the four newspapers that currently make up the Ceará printed media, they are: Diário do Nordeste, O Povo, O Estado, and Aqui CE. In the forty periodicals collected we found 2184 data regarding the variable present future, of which, 1181 are presented in the form of synthetic present future, 706 of present, and 297 of periphrasis. Our data were subjected to the statistical computer program Goldvarb X, which spawned the relative weights that served as the foundation for our description and data analysis. The program pointed out that the present future is conditioned by the groups: type of verb, word extension, editorial, newspaper, origin, temporal distancing, subject speech, and polarity. The periphrasis, on the other hand, is conditioned by the groups: type of verb, temporal distancing, Extension of the word, subject speech and Polarity. Finally, the indicative present is conditioned by the type of verb groups, word extension, temporal distancing, editorial, Origin, Newspapers and Polarity. The three variants occur in all the editorials of the four newspapers. However, the number of the conservative variable is greater than the sum of the data from the two innovative variants. All extralinguistic groups attended the principle of marking , except the one of the origin. The groups of linguistic factors , in turn , denied the principle of marking and attended the principle of stylistic expressiveness. We conclude , in extralinguistic groups , the trend is that the more marked forms occur in more marked contexts and less marked in less marked contexts. In relation to extralinguistic groups, the behavior is the seek for a contextual discourse balance.