Ligas de zinco de interesse tecnológico: estudo do revestimento anticorrosivo ZnAl e da eletrodeposição do semicondutor ZnTe.

Abstract

The present work consists of the functional coatings study with industrial application in the sectors metal-mechanic and energy. For this, coatings of ZnAl had been studied, as protective layer against the corrosion and carried through the development and the characterization of the coatings (film) ZnTe semiconductor for use to advantage of the solar energy. Additionally, an coatings was developed (fine film) transparent SnO2:F conductor, deposited on common glass, to be used as substratum in the electroplating of the ZnTe film. The study of corrosion of the Zn5Al coatings (galvalume), deposited on steel, it was made as part of the characterization of technological materials that are being produced in Brazil. The film polycrystalline semiconductor of ZnTe was produced by electrochemical technique as well as its basic characterization by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry. The conducting transparent substratum was produced by spray pyrolysis from defined operational parameters in our laboratory. The production of the conducting transparent substratum was made by being one still inexistent technique in industrial and commercial processes in Brazil, having that to be mattered. They had been used electrochemical techniques for the study of corrosion of the industrial coatings Zn5Al, attainment and characterization of the ZnTe and chemical stability of the SnO2:F. The morphologic characterization was made by scanning electron microscopy (MEV), and the compositional measurements by EDX to complementation of the morphologic study. The technique of DRX, was used as qualitative and structural studies to complement the information gotten for MEV and EDX. The characterization optics of the films SnO2:F and ZnTe was made by transmittance in the band of the visible, that it is the band of operation for photovoltaic systems. It was observed that the Zn5Al coatings, with a less potential of corrosion then pure zinc, presented greater resistance to the corrosion due formation of passiveness xiv layer and the corrosion process initiated in the interdendritics regions, rich in zinc with cracks formation. This behaviour was comparative as well as immersion tests and sea atmospheric tests and evaluation for loss of mass. An stoichiometric ZnTe films, it was observed that in pH = 4.5 the formation of the film of stoichiometry 1:1 at -0,60V (vs. Ag/AgCl), and temperature of 60°C, on the absence of the visible light. Additionally, by measures of transmittance was determined the energy gap of 2.4 eV, with lmáx = 702.3nm, satisfactory condition for the use in windows of photovoltaic conversion. The films of SnO2:F had presented maximum transmittance of 92.27% in l =682 nm and average resistance of surface of 30±10 W/ . On the other hand, it was observed an electrochemical stability in acid medium (pH = 1) by cyclic voltammetry.