Medicamentos potencialmente perigosos e segurança do paciente: avaliação do conhecimento e práticas dos profissionais de um hospital municipal do Estado do Ceará

Abstract

Introduction. The process of using medicine involves several steps such as prescribing, dispensing, and administration, this process is inclined to errors. High Surveillance Medications (HAVs) are those that have an increased risk of causing significant harm to the patient as a result of a failure in their use process. Objective. This study aimed to analyze the knowledge and practices of professionals at a municipal hospital in the State of Ceará about HAVs. Method. This is a crosssectional study with a quantitative approach developed in a public hospital located in Maracanaú from August to November 2022. The work began with a search in the literature on issues related to HAVs, developed in three stages: In the first stage, an observational study was carried out in the medical clinic, surgical clinic, satellite pharmacy, and ICU sectors, using a checklist for the situational diagnosis of HAVs. The second stage consisted of a questionnaire on the knowledge of professionals, with the target population being physicians, nurses, nursing technicians, hospital pharmacists, and pharmacy assistants. The third stage was an educational intervention in the units of the hospital where the study was done, using a questionand-answer game and the distribution of educational folders. Results. The observational study identified weaknesses at all stages in the process of using HAVs in the institution, especially in the process of preparation and administration. In the second stage, 39 professionals answered the questionnaire, representing a response rate of 40.21%. The profile of the participating professionals showed the predominant presence of women with 76.9% (n=30). From the total number of participants, 87.2% (n=34) answered that they did not participate in any training in 6 months and the importance of carrying out training was evaluated as fundamental by 100% (n=39). Of the participants, 53.8% (n= 21) declared having regular knowledge about HAVs. The educational intervention had the participation of nurses, nursing technicians, pharmacists, and pharmacy assistants from the medical clinic, surgical clinic, ICU, and satellite pharmacies. Conclusion. The development of the present study showed that professionals have theoretical knowledge about HAVs and their recommendations for error prevention, but it was noticed that they do not put their knowledge into practice