Efeito das tecnologias educacionais para o trabalho de parto e parto: revisão sistemática

Abstract

Introduction: Educational technologies are important tools for the production, dissemination, and sharing of knowledge. In the field of obstetric nursing, these tools are used to carry out health education, aiming to develop maternal autonomy and that of her companion, there by strengthening good practices during labor and childbirth. Objective: To evaluate the effects of educational technologies developed for labor and childbirth. Methods: This is a systematic review conducted according to the recommendations of the Joanna Briggs Institute. The research question was formulated using the PICOS strategy, and the report was described following PRISMA guidelines. Searches were conducted in the PubMed/Medline, Cochrane, Scopus, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science databases, and grey literature, with no language or time restrictions. The Cochrane tools RoB-2 and ROBINS-I were used to assess the risk of bias and methodological quality of the included studies, while the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to assess the quality of the evidence and to formulate recommendations. Results: A total of 630 studies were retrieved, of which 24 were selected for full-text review. Seven studies were included in the final sample. Pregnant women who used educational technologies demonstrated greater knowledge about the signs of labor and childbirth, and felt better prepared for the experience. Improved expectations regarding childbirth were also observed. Among companions, greater confidence and supportive care for women were noted, showing more autonomy and empowerment in providing emotional and physical support, which contributed to higher satisfaction with childbirth among the women. Conclusion: The use of educational technologies for labor and childbirth proved to be effective and led to improved knowledge and satisfaction among pregnant women and their companions when used effectively, resulting in a "strong" level of recommendation.