Relação do desempenho do salto vertical e horizontal com a força muscular e medidas de desfechos relatadas pelos pacientes após reconstrução do ligamento cruzado anterior

Abstract

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (ACLR) is a widely recommended treatment option for individuals with knee instability who wish to return to sports participation (RTP). Muscle strength assessments, performance in jump tests, and psychological readiness are included in the battery of tests used to evaluate patients undergoing the return-to- sport process. This study consisted of two scientific products. The first product investigated the relationship between performance in vertical and horizontal jump tests, muscle strength, and patient-reported outcome measures. Vertical jump performance has been an alternative to horizontal jumps in return-to-sport evaluations, as it better detects deficits in the knee joint; however, these findings need further clarification. The second product aimed to assess the reliability and validity of a mobile application (My Jump) for evaluating vertical jump performance. The sample for both products consisted of individuals who underwent ACLR surgery, from both genders, and who were between 6- and 24-months post-surgery. Eighty participants underwent evaluations of vertical and horizontal jumps, quadriceps and hamstring muscle strength using an isokinetic dynamometer, psychological readiness assessed by the Anterior Cruciate Ligament-Return to Sport after Injury Scale (ACL-RSI), and knee subjective function assessed by the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC). The results of the first product showed a strong correlation between vertical jump height and horizontal jump distance. Additionally, vertical jumps (jump height and reactive strength index) showed moderate to good correlations with quadriceps strength and weak correlations with hamstring strength, while horizontal jumps (jump distance) showed moderate to good correlations with both quadriceps and hamstring strength. When the correlation between jumps (vertical and horizontal) and patient- reported outcome measures was assessed, the results ranged from weak to good correlations. In the second product, the My Jump app demonstrated excellent test-retest reliability and very strong correlations for jump height outcomes, reactive strength index, and symmetry index between limbs compared to the force platform. As for construct validity, the correlations between the force platform and My Jump with the IKDC and ACL-RSI ranged from weak to good. Our findings demonstrate that vertical and horizontal jumps show strong correlations with each other (r = 0.715- 0.758, p < 0.001), moderate to good correlation with knee extensor strength (r = 0.470-0.652, p < 0.001), and weak to good correlation with patient-reported outcome measures. Furthermore, the My Jump app is a valid and reliable option for evaluating jump height, reactive strength index, and symmetry index between limbs in vertical jumps compared to the force platform and can be used in clinical practice.