Desenvolvimento de manuais educativos para pacientes acompanhados em programa de atendimento domiciliar

Abstract

Introduction: Home Care involves a set of actions for treating diseases, preventing injuries, rehabilitation, palliation and health promotion, provided at home, which ensures continuity of care. Dr. Carlos Alberto Studart Gomes Messejana Hospital’s Home Care Program, part of the public network of the Government of the State of Ceará, seeks to assist patients with chronic heart and lung diseases who are discharged from hospital but still require longitudinal care, which helps to relieve hospital pressure and avoid prolonged hospitalizations. In this context of Home Care, Health Education emerges as an important strategy to promote self-management of health conditions by patients and family members/caregivers. Educational materials are considered relevant resources to promote Health Education, interesting in the practical approach of the multidisciplinary team of the Home Care service, facilitating the transmission of information and the assimilation of knowledge by patients. To create educational material, it is necessary to know the characteristics of the population being assisted, so that the material produced is adapted to the real needs of these patients, through a situational diagnosis. Objective: To outline the sociodemographic profile of patients treated by the Home Care service of a reference hospital, with the purpose of developing educational materials aligned with the needs of patients and caregivers. Methodology: Methodological study developed in two stages: in the first stage, a descriptive exploratory study of a cross-sectional nature was developed, carried out at the Hospital de Messejana Dr. Carlos Alberto Studart Gomes, in Fortaleza, in the state of Ceará; in the second stage, educational materials were created for the target audience defined in the first stage of the study. Results: Based on the situational diagnosis, it was found that the three most prevalent health conditions in the population assisted by the PAD of the Hospital de Messejana are chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and kyphoscoliosis. In addition, the main treatments provided to these patients are positive pressure therapy, prolonged home oxygen therapy and drug therapy through the use of inhalation devices. The educational materials were prepared in folder format, on the Canva digital platform. Five folders were created, containing information on the three main treatments that patients received, namely, pressure therapy, prolonged home oxygen therapy, and inhalation devices, with the specificities of each device. The educational materials sought to provide information and recommendations, in a clear and objective manner, about the safe and effective use of the therapies addressed, encouraging continuity and adherence to treatment. Conclusion: The educational materials developed were based on the profile and needs of the target population. The study will continue with the validation of the materials produced by health professionals and by the target public.