A construção do sentido impolido em comentários do twitter/x a partir de redes referenciais

Abstract

The present doctoral thesis is anchored in a diversified epistemological framework, insofar as theoretical assumptions from complementary and intersecting disciplinary domains are invoked, ranging from Textual Linguistics to Digital Discourse Analysis, focusing on the theoretical assumptions of impoliteness and verbal violence. With the aim of investigating textualization, specifically through referential processes and strategic applications of impoliteness/violence in virtual interactions, the concepts of impoliteness (Culpeper, 2011; Bousfield, 2008), verbal violence (Charaudeau, 2019), and cyberviolence (Paveau, 2021) are privileged, from which we build our conception of the phenomenon. The corpus analyzed in this study was collected through print screens of tweets/posts made from 2020 to 2024, in order to proceed with the linguistic-discursive analysis of impoliteness/violence strategies that interlocutors apply in three different communicative contracts – namely: a) news portals and commentators, b) public figures/politicians and commentators, and c) bots and commentators. Considering impoliteness as a speech act in which meaning construction takes place in the particular interactional situation, we list studies on referentiation (Cavalcante; Brito; Custódio-Filho, 2014; Matos, 2018; Martins, 2019), which start from the notion of text as an event to understand the construction, by interactants, of one version of the reality. In the present times, technologies are increasingly present in people's routines and, in this context, some technodiscursive parameters (Paveau, 2021), characteristics of the digital environment, contribute to the frequent presence of violence in interactions; the way algorithms act, for example, encourages behaviors such as violent uses that generate engagement, which is associated with power relations in this environment. Regarding the participants of the interaction, this behaviour is, to some extent, stimulated, because of the absence effect, on the one hand, that allows the sensation that the speaker performing the impolite act will not suffer sanctions, and on the other hand, the perlocutionary effect is accentuated if we consider the virality of a publication or comment and the inseparability between the real user and their profile on social networks. The referential processes, by dynamically constructing discourse objects – occasions when their evaluative and argumentative nature is evident – allow for a textual analysis of violent application seen from a situated and co-constructed perspective in interaction, considering, as Charaudeau (2019) emphasizes, the communicative contract and the way it is staged by speakers. In summary, this work aims to discuss the modes of interaction construction in a digital context, particularly on the Twitter/X social network, noting the exponential way in which impoliteness and violence are co-constructed,

highlighting the need to rethink interaction forms and emphasizing the relevance of analysis and reflection for the construction of more polite enunciative behaviors.