Vídeo educativo acessível sobre doação de sangue para surdos

Abstract

Blood Centers have faced difficulties in maintaining their regular blood supplies to meet specific and emergency demands. Deaf people face communication and linguistic barriers in health education and have been left out of the teaching-learning process. Thus, capturing and retaining this public as blood donors is a barrier faced by the lack of knowledge and difficulty in understanding the process. In this scenario, it was necessary to develop educational technology that met the precepts of universal design, playing an important role in communication and teaching about the blood donation process. The objective was to develop an assistive technology for the deaf in the form of an educational video on blood donation. It was a methodological study of the quasi-experimental type, carried out between May 2020 and April 2021, for the construction and validation of the video, following steps, namely: Construction and Validation of Content and Database of Questions on the blood donation process; Preparation of Script and Video Stoyrboard; Video recording and editing and appearance validation by the deaf. The contents were evaluated and validated by 13 experts in the field and the appearance and accessibility of the technology was validated by 13 deaf people from the Instituto Cearense de Educação de Surdos in Fortaleza. The data were tabulate using the Microssoft Excel software version 2016. For content validity analysis; database of questions and accessibility, the content validation index was used. The agreement by the judges was validate by the Fleiss Kappa test, considering an ideal average agreement of at least 0.8 (80%). The research was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Universidade Federal do Ceará, following all ethical precepts for research with humans. Construction of content and database of questions was done by manuals, ordinances and ministerial guidelines on the subject; and in the validation process, there was a final agreement greater than 80%. Elaboration of the script had eight scenes and sought to bring the deaf public closer to the theme in question. Storyboard scenes were recorded with the 68 animations, having a final version of nine minutes and 24 seconds, including credits, being within the time provided for videos with an educational nature. Appearance validation by the 13 deaf people obtained an agreement statistically higher than 80%, assessed as being comprehensible and approved regarding interactivity, objectives, relevance, effectiveness and clarity. It is concluded that the study reached all the proposed objectives involving construction and validation of content and question bank on the blood donation process; production of the technology and validation of its appearance accessibility. Therefore, the technology was adequate to the proposed objectives, with attractive, objective and clear language, containing current and relevant information, stimulating the target audience to reflect with autonomy regarding the blood donation process.