Caracterização química do extrato de manga cv. Tommy atkins e avaliação do seu efeito biológico em modelo de lesão gástrica induzida por naproxeno

Abstract

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is a tropical fruit from India, adapted to the Northeast region of Brazil since the sixteenth century. It has high nutritional and commercial value, being used for the production of juices, sweets, jams, ice creams etc, and for fresh consumption. It is a rich source of bioactive compounds, among which stand out the polyphenols, carotenoids and vitamin C. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant of hydroalcoholic extracts of peel and pulp variety of mango 'Tommy Atkins' against oxidative damage in the gastric injury model induced by naproxen. Mangoes were acquired in the ripe stage, separate the peel and the pulp, and freeze-dried these parts. The following procedures were performed: hydroalcoholic extract of lyophilized peel and pulp; Quantification of bioactive compounds; the antioxidant property of the compounds of hydroalcoholic extracts of mango peel and pulp; evaluating the cytotoxicity of the extracts in vitro analysis (MTT test); Identification of phenolic compounds present in the extracts by analysis by ultra performance liquid chromatography (UPLC®-QTOF); and antioxidant in vivo evaluation of hydroalcoholic extracts of mango peel and pulp by determining of peroxidation levels of membrane lipids, with the quantification of malondialdehyde (MDA), determination of myeloperoxidase activity (MPO) and quantification of levels reduced glutathione (GSH). The extracts have a high content of bioactive compounds, contributing to its antioxidant activity. The cytotoxicity test showed that the extracts have no toxic effect to cells (IEC-6 culture). It was detected by ultra-performance liquid chromatographic analysis (UPLC®-QTOF), the presence of compounds that provide important antioxidant activity, such as quercetin, mangiferin, and gallic acid. This can be shown by in vivo analysis in an experimental model of a naproxen-induced gastric injury, where the hydroalcoholic extracts of mango peel and pulp were able to significantly reduce the levels of MPO and MDA, and to conserve GSH levels. Therefore, by presented antioxidant activity in the result of pretreatment with hydroalcoholic extracts of mango peel and pulp, it was concluded that both protected the gastric mucosa against injury caused by oxidative agents triggered using naproxen, significantly reducing the lesions, which contributes to an anti-inflammatory action.