O uso pedagógico da simulação de circuitos elétricos resistivos em atividades escolares para auxiliar o desenvolvimento da aprendizagem significativa e colaborativa de Física

Abstract

Brazilian’s schools of average education raise questionings about the profile of the sciences education and learning process, being distinguished in the present investigation certain limiting scenes, concerning the learning process of this level of education. Such questionings have propitiated quarrels not only inside of the schools, but also inside of other academic environments and in the proper Ministry of the Education, that through its National Curricular Lines of direction stimulates the practical redirection of Physics professors in pedagogical line, to improve the profile of the pupil’s learning. The proposal that comes gaining space is the learning mediated from the computer. If pedagogically used based in theoretical, methodology and practical principles (ALMEIDA; VALENTE), the computer can consist in a strategical tool to propitiate a bigger interactivity between the apprentice and knowledge, as well as favoring the development of abilities, that propitiate the learning to construct its knowledge independently, whereas the professor migrates of the role of knowledge owner’s for the mediator. In these terms, focusing itself it constant difficulty presented in the learni ng of the Physics contents, on the part of the pupils from average education school Padre Rodolfo Ferreira da Cunha, situated in the city of Trairi-CE, this study has the objective to search as the insertion of the computer as pedagogical tool, can assist the development of significant learning of physics for 3º year pupils. The objective is to investigate how the pedagogical practice, developed with the help of computer simulation resources, more specifically the simulators of the Physics Education Technology (PhET), and based on the Theory of the Significant Learning of David Ausubel, can provide interrelation and redefinition of laws and concepts of electricity, through the development of practical, involving the simulation of circuits of electrical resistor (RIBEIRO, VALENTE). To operate this objectively methodologically it was opted to carrying through a qualitative research, of the type research-action. In this process, questionnaires had been applied to proceed the identification of previous knowledge of the pupils, on how much to the basic contents of electricity and circuits of electrical resistors. Mini -workshops, so that the pupils learned to use operational and the PhET pedagogically in the learning activities had been carried through. After that, eight workshops had been carried through for collaborative study of the electricity contents. These workshops had been developed through practical activities and fulfilling activities collaborative form. The analysis of the field research results raised preliminary indications that the activities of circuits simulation of electrical resistor, developed for the pupils, had allowed the redefinition and interrelation between laws and basic concepts of electricity, revealing as well as potentially significant, in virtue of the variety of possibilities of collaborative interactions and learning situations that they could possible make,with the pupils. Moreover, the uses of simulators awaken the interest of the pupils to participate and to carry through the activities. It was observed that, in spite of certain difficulties presented for the pupils, the use of simulators showed itself as a promising resource to assist the development of the learning of physics in school.