Adaptação e avaliação de cenário de simulação para a consulta de enfermagem à criança com disfunção respiratória

Abstract

Respiratory dysfunctions are common in pediatric patients and, when managed inadequately, may lead to unnecessary procedures and worsen respiratory infections. In this context, the nursing consultation plays a fundamental role in providing safe and high-quality care, requiring the training of well-prepared professionals. Clinical simulation has emerged as an important teaching-learning strategy to support this process. Therefore, this study aimed to adapt and evaluate a clinical simulation scenario focused on teaching nursing consultation for children with respiratory dysfunction to undergraduate nursing students. This methodological study involved the adaptation of a simulation scenario based on David Kolb’s Experiential Learning Theory and the methodological standards of the International Nursing Association for Clinical Simulation and Learning (INACSL). The evaluation was conducted by 17 experts and 27 undergraduate nursing students. The scenario adaptation phase took place during the first semester of 2025. The expert and student evaluations, as well as the pilot test, were carried out between September and December 2025. Data collection included the sociodemographic characterization of all participants. In addition, experts assessed the content and appearance of the scenario, while students evaluated its appearance, design, and debriefing process. Data analysis was performed using R software (version 4.x), applying the Content Validity Index (CVI), Cronbach’s alpha, and the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Ceará. The experts’ evaluation of content and appearance yielded an overall CVI of 0.977. Of the total items analyzed, 24 achieved 100% agreement, with an observed proportion of 1.00. For these items, the binomial test indicated statistical significance (p < 0.05), with p-values ranging from 0.033 to 0.055. Only two items did not reach absolute agreement, presenting an agreement index of 94.1%. The results indicated adequacy regarding content, structure, language, and relevance. Concerning appearance assessment by the target audience, 11 of the 21 analyzed items achieved 100% agreement. Analyses using the Simulation Design Scale and the Debriefing Experience Scale demonstrated excellent internal consistency (α ≥ 0.91) and high agreement among respondents (ICC ≥ 0.89), in addition to Cronbach’s alpha and ICC values of 0.968, indicating a meaningful experience for learning consolidation and critical reflection. It is noteworthy that the suggestions provided by experts and students were incorporated into the final version of the scenario. The findings demonstrated that the clinical simulation scenario is valid according to both experts and the target audience for teaching nursing consultation to children with respiratory dysfunction and has the potential to be used as a teaching and learning tool in pediatric nursing education.