Compostos fenólicos hidrofílico e lipofílico na dieta de porcas durante a gestação e lactação sobre o desempenho produtivo e reprodutivo

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of hydrophilic and lipophilic phenolic compound supplementation in the diet of sows during gestation and lactation on productive performance, colostrum and milk composition, hematological and biochemical parameters, and antioxidant enzyme activity in sows and piglets. A total of 300 highly prolific sows were distributed in a completely randomized design with a 4 × 3 factorial arrangement, considering four parity orders (1st, 2nd, 3rd–4th, and 5th–6th) and three supplementation levels (0, 200, and 400 mg/day). Blood samples from sows and piglets, as well as colostrum and milk samples, were collected for laboratory analyses. No interaction was observed between supplementation and parity order. Supplementation reduced oxidative stress in sows, evidenced by lower malondialdehyde concentrations and higher superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, in addition to altering blood triglyceride levels. Colostrum from sows supplemented with 400 mg/day showed higher fat content. In piglets, maternal supplementation increased total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, total phenolic compounds, and SOD and GPx activities, while reducing C-reactive protein levels. Parity order influenced productive performance, milk composition, and litter performance parameters. First-parity sows had fewer piglets born, whereas second-parity sows showed greater milk production. Piglets from 1st- and 5th–6th-parity sows showed lower performance compared with those from 2nd-parity sows. It was concluded that supplementation with hydrophilic and lipophilic phenolic compounds did not affect productive parameters but improved the antioxidant status of sows and piglets.