Covid-19 e o turismo no nordeste: efeitos na trajetória e no perfil da mão de obra

Abstract

The Covid-19 pandemic had an abrupt impact on various social and economic spheres. In the tourism sector, it was no different. Aware of the consequences generated by the health crisis, this study aims to analyze the effects of the pandemic on the socio-economic profile of formal employment in the Brazilian Northeast tourism sector. The analysis relies on labor market data from the RAIS and NOVO Caged databases, providing information on workforce profiles and layoffs during the period. The study conceptualizes national and regional tourism activities, emphasizing their federal-level organization, which presented itself crucial for the activity development. In addition to characterizing tourism as an important means of social development. And highlighting the impacts suffered in the Northeastern sector. Northeastern workforce showed a smaller decline than the national level. In the layoff figures, an analysis of income brackets reveals an elevated level of separations among lower-income groups during the two years of pandemic. The distinction by education level showed a considerable number of layoffs with completed high school, however it is noted that these individuals constitute a broad majority in the sector. Despite significant overall sectoral consequences, group participation mainly varied in the income bracket category, with an increase in those earning up to one minimum wage in the region's workforce post-pandemic, possibly linked to the need to reduce company salaries due to decreased demand. The analysis also shows that, during the pandemic, women had a greater presence in the Northeastern tourism sector than in the region overall, with a higher growth rate during the same period.