Sistemas de interfaces alternativas para mobilidade reduzida

Abstract

This study addresses the development of assistive technologies aimed at individuals with severe reduced mobility, with the goal of expanding their autonomy in interaction with digital systems and physical devices. Given the limitations imposed by traditional interfaces based on touch or movement, the development of the Gestus System is proposed—an alternative interface predominantly based on eye tracking and blink detection. The adopted methodology is grounded in the principles of User- Centered Design and Human-Computer Interaction, prioritizing accessibility, usability, and low cost. The system’s development utilized accessible and open-source technologies, such as Arduino, OpenCV, and MediaPipe, organized in a modular architecture composed of independent interaction blocks. As a practical development, the system was applied to the control of a graphical interface integrated with physical devices, represented by an assistive robotic gripper. Brain-computer interfaces based on EEG were conceptually analyzed as a future possibility for system expansion, though they were not implemented at this stage. The results obtained indicate that the modular architecture of the Gestus System facilitates adaptation to different levels of motor impairment, showing good acceptance in usability tests. It is concluded that the system represents a significant advancement in the development of accessible, human-centered, and socially inclusive technologies