Uma análise discursiva crítica e multimodal de cadeias intertextuais de memes políticos

Abstract

This qualitative research focuses on the internet genre meme, and it is based on the notions of genre chain and intertextuality (FAIRCLOUGH, 2003). Genre chains are different genres that are regularly put together, and they go through systematic changes. These changes can contribute to actions through time and space that can link social events to social practices in different countries, strengthening action at distance, which is one of the aspects of globalization and power (FAIRCLOUGH, 2003). The corpus consists of memes about street demonstrations in 2013 and 2015 in the social networks Twitter and Facebook. This research addresses textual and interactional analysis, including interdiscursive analysis involving linguistic analysis based on Fairclough´s actional meaning (genres) and identificational meaning (styles) (FAIRCLOUGH, 2003), in his development of Halliday´s metafunctions (HALLIDAY, 1994). In relation to the actional meaning, which examines a text as (inter)action in social events, I analyze the internet meme as part of a genre chain in social networks, and it is related to the news, which recontextualizes political discourse in the media. As to the manifestation of styles related to the negotiation and construction of identities in discourse, one of the devices that are used refers to visual resources, multimodal elements that structure the genre in question. I adopt the theoretical-methodological principles of Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) as qualitative research, according to Fairclough (2001, 2003), and Systemic-Functional Linguistics, according to Halliday and Matthiessen (2004). I also use studies by Kress and van Leeuwen (2006) about multimodality, Knobel and Lankshear (2005), and Recuero (2006) on memes, and Milner (2012) and Shifman (2014), whose concern is the meme as a political element in the media. I noted that, defining and characterizing the internet meme in a genre chain, genres are articulated to construct and naturalize potentially ideological meanings.