Boas práticas de ordenha em propriedades rurais no município de Jucás, CE: qualidade físico-química e contagem de células somáticas do leite de cabra cru

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the physical-chemical quality and somatic cellcount of raw goat milk produced in the municipality of Jucas, Ceará, before and aftertraining dairy goat farmers in good hygiene practices during milking and the adoptionof the continuous use of the Embrapa Manual Milking kit® for Dairy Goats. Raw milksamples were collected from eight family farms, using manual (n=5) and mechanical(n=3) milking methods. In the first moment, raw goat milk was collected directly fromthe farms to characterize the quality of the milk produced. In a second moment, trainingwas offered to producers on good hygiene practices in milking, accompanied by thedelivery of the Embrapa Manual Milking kit® for Dairy Goats. In the third moment, aftercontinuous use of the kit and adoption of the techniques previously recommended bythe producers, the final collection of goat milk was conducted. The samples were sentto the Milk Clinic – ESALQ (Piracicaba/SP) for analysis of the variables fat, protein,lactose, total solids, defatted dry extract, somatic cell count, and urea nitrogen. Thedata were submitted to the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test, and to ascertain theeffect of training, Student's t-test for paired samples was applied, considering asignificance level of 5%. Statistical analyses were conducted using RStudio software.The results indicated that there was no statistical difference (p>0.5) in milk componentsfor the averages obtained before and after training, except for lactose (p<0.05).Training in good milking hygiene practices, associated with the use of the EmbrapaManual Milking kit®, although not increasing the quality of goat milk produced in theregion, contributed to maintaining it, indicating that the adoption of hygienic milkingtechniques and the provision of training can assist in the search for standardizationand consistency of goat milk quality indicators