Geoestatística: análise de dados da estimativa de resistência do subsolo de Fortaleza-CE através de sondagem SPT

Abstract

Statistics is an important science for the development of society, as it serves as a tool for studying a wide range of situations and supporting decision-making. Within Statistics, there is a branch that focuses on spatially distributed phenomena, known as Geostatistics. Its objective is to model, analyze, predict, and map spatial variables based on data sampled from specific survey points. The present study applies Geostatistics to model and map the spatial variability of the allowable bearing capacity of the soil in regions of Fortaleza, using ordinary kriging for data interpolation and cross-validation to ensure the robustness and accuracy of subsurface resistance predictions. This methodology is applied with the aim of generating georeferenced maps from the acquired database, thereby contributing to society. Data collection was conducted through the acquisition of SPT (Standard Penetration Test) survey reports provided by the geotechnical company Geológic, which enabled the composition of a dataset from SPT tests carried out in 48 neighborhoods of Fortaleza, CE. The test allows for the identification of the soil type present in the investigated locations and the determination of a penetration resistance index known in the technical field as Nspt. The results include predictive maps with a preliminary assessment of the allowable bearing capacity of the soil in Fortaleza, contributing to the initial geotechnical analysis of these regions and supporting decision-making in civil construction. Additionally, graphs are presented to illustrate the statistical behavior of the sample data analyzed, including the Nspt .