Perfil de utilização da Cefalotina em hospital de emergência em Fortaleza-CE

Abstract

The high rate of use of Cephalothin by hospitalized patients, combined the suspicion of his inadequate therapeutic using, leading to bacterial resistance and adverse effects, coupled with the fact that this medicine is contraindicated in allergic patients to penicillin, and the lack of scientific data which can prove the safety of this antimicrobial in pregnant and lactating, justify the needing of development of studies that aim at the intensive monitoring of patients exposed to this antibiotic. This paper aims to draw the use of Cephalothin at Hospital Instituto Dr. José Frota from a retrospective survey related to the period 01 to 31 January 2011. The charts of 51 patients, demonstrating the clinical outcome, medications prescribed, laboratory results, usage profile of Cephalothin and occurrence of suspected adverse reactions to Cephalothin. It was observed that most patients were men between 21 and 30 years, from the capital, attended by the trauma service, with length of stay 1-30 days, with fractures, underwent surgery, did not perform culture, made therapeutic use Cephalothin of 3-14 days, 1g 6/6h and were discharged. In surgical prophylaxis, about 70% of the cases, cefazolin was used. Relating to the use of antibiotics after Cephalothin, 40% made use of cefazolin for reoperation. The most commonly prescribed classes of antibiotics were cephalosporins and aminoglycosides. Most of the drugs used for treatment has been administered parenterally, the most prescribed were ketoprofen and dipyrone. There were 52.54% of suspected adverse reactions to Cephalothin. The most frequent were hypersensitivity and eosinophilia. Thirty-four patients used drugs for RACef. It was observed the concomitant use of gentamicin + Cephalothin in 7 patients. It is concluded that the results of this study confirm the importance of conducting an intensive patients monitoring using Cephalothin, Cephalothin although is used properly according to the hospital pharmacotherapeutic protocols.