Estudo imunohistoquímico da expressão de p53 e sua correlação com lesões benignas e carcinomas da mucosa bucal

Abstract

Oral cancer is the sixth most common cancer in the word, account for approximately 4% of all cancer and 2% of (chiba, 1996) all cancer dead. Incidence rates for oral cancer in some metropolitan areas in Brazil are among the highest in the world. Multiple risk factors are involved in the development for the oral cancer. Several epidemiological investigations have shown that chronic exposure to tabacco are one the most risk factors followed by alcohol. Evidence is increasing that some virus, particularly HPV, plays a role in the carcinogenic process, but it is less defined. Individual factors such sex, age as well grade and lesion location have been reported. Numerous studies have pointed to the importance of the tumor suppressor gene in the process of carcinogenesis. In particular, a high incidence of p53 mutation has been demonstrated in tabacco-related cancer, but the role of p53 mutation in the etiology of oral cavity cancer has not yet firmly identified. The p53 mutant forms are more stable and can be detected by immunohistochemistry. Based on that the aim of this study were to investigate the expression of p53 protein in oral lesions from patients from Ceará region, and to correlate that expression with tabacco smoking, histophatologyc traces of HPV, age, gender and location of lesions. For that, it was used.