Construção e validação de um material didático instrucional para o ensino de anatomia humana: um estudo quase-experimental

Abstract

Active methodologies are teaching processes centered on activities that stimulate students to engage in their learning autonomously, involving more than the memorization of facts and concepts in the short term, leading to long-term understanding through analysis, evaluation, and creation, with the purpose of promoting meaningful learning. Within these methodologies, we highlight the possibility of using coloring drawings as a valuable tool in the teaching and learning process, with broad benefits in the teaching of human anatomy. Based on these premises, the aim of this work was to analyze the contributions of an anatomy coloring book as a meaningful learning tool for Human Anatomy. This is a methodological, quasi-experimental research consisting of 6 stages: content composition, drawing creation, layout, construction of educational material, validation of educational material, and validation of instructional material. The product generated by this study was an educational and instructional material entitled "Anatomy for Coloring" composed of over 300 illustrations divided into 10 systems showing various structures (naming of demarcated structures and text with relevant information). Additionally, it includes mind maps, exercises, and student interactions with the material. It is concluded, therefore, that the present research resulted in the development of a new pedagogical technique, presented in book format (educational instructional material). The produced material works in conjunction with active teaching methodologies, involving students in the teaching-learning process. It can be used by undergraduates who are having their first contact with anatomy, as well as for the updating of veterans and professionals throughout their academic journey. It was evident that the use of drawings can improve the student's perception of anatomical details, facilitating reasoning and a deeper understanding of anatomical concepts.