Estudo comparativo das principais causas dos acidentes ligados ao petróleo no Brasil nas últimas duas décadas.

Abstract

This study aimed to analyze the main causes of accidents in the oil sector in Brazil over the last two decades, focusing on the environmental, social and economic impacts resulting from these events. The research investigated everything from technical and operational failures to institutional and regulatory deficiencies, seeking to understand how these variables relate to the recurrence of accidents in the sector. The methodology adopted was qualitative in nature, based on documentary analysis of technical reports, academic publications and official data from regulatory agencies, which allowed the identification of patterns, weaknesses and opportunities for improvement in safety practices in oil operations. Based on this interpretative approach, it was possible to examine the organizational and political contexts that influence risk management and disaster prevention. The results showed that accidents are the result of a complex combination of human, technical and structural factors, aggravated by the weakness in the application of safety standards and the insufficiency of inspection mechanisms. It is concluded that the adoption of a systemic and integrated approach, anchored in preventive policies, safety culture, continuous training of workers and rigorous monitoring, is essential to mitigate the risks in the sector and ensure that energy development occurs in a sustainable manner, protecting lives, the environment and the national economy.