Mobilidade intergeracional de padrão de vida e educação: uma análise para os meios urbano e rural no Brasil

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the relationships between intergenerational mobility in the standard of living and intergenerational educational mobility in Brazil, discriminating between rural and urban contexts, based on socioeconomic and intergenerational variables extracted from the World Values Survey for the year 2018. For this purpose, an analysis of descriptive statistics was performed, and the estimation of an ordered Logit econometric model, followed by its marginal effects. From the results, it was initially found that absolute upward mobility was higher in rural areas, and also that most individuals in the rural sample managed to improve their living conditions, even when they maintained or worsened their educational level in relation to their father or mother. In urban areas, surpassing maternal or paternal education was positive in improving the chances of the individual having a better standard of living, and reducing the chances of a worse or equal standard of living in relation to their parents, while in rural areas the paternal education variables were not significant and those of maternal education were contradictory. Residing in the South region also consistently showed positive effects on intergenerational mobility in both rural and urban living standards. Finally, this study suggests that incorporating urban-rural migration data can help understand intergenerational mobility in living and educational standards, as well as the effects of educational policies in rural areas