O uso do Geogebra como tecnologia educacional no ensino do comportamento óptico do olho humano: uma abordagem baseada na metodologia dos três momentos pedagógicos

Abstract

This study explores the integration of digital technologies in education, emphasizing their potential to enrich the learning environment while acknowledging the challenges educators and students face in accessing technology in public schools, highlighting the outdated condition of educational institutions in relation to the social phenomenon of digital technologies. It presents a didactic sequence for teaching optics, focusing on the topic: Lenses and Vision Defects, using the Three Pedagogical Moments (3MP) methodology, supported by a computer simulation from the GeoGebra software. A theoretical physics approach is proposed in an interactive, dialogic, and dynamic manner by connecting students' prior knowledge and experiences to scientific concepts from a constructivist perspective. The research, conducted as a case study with 23 high school students from a rural school in Pacajus, Ceará, adopts a qualitative methodology to reflect students' perceptions and performance with the proposed approach. The data collection instruments used were observation and a semi-structured questionnaire. The assessment of student behavior and attitudes during the lessons demonstrated, as pointed out in the literature, that interactive visual experiences foster curiosity and engagement in class while facilitating the teaching-learning process by reducing the abstraction typically associated with physics. The findings reinforce the importance of the teacher's methodology in the effective integration of technology, which is essential in a society that demands skills and competencies characterized by imagination, creativity, and critical thinking. Although technology enriches the teaching-learning process, it is ultimately the educator’s role that determines its success.