Efeitos da ozonioterapia no pós-operatório de cirurgias de terceiro molar: série de casos

Abstract

Surgical extraction of third molars, or wisdom teeth, is widely performed in dental practice. This procedure is generally associated with postoperative pain, and therefore the use of analgesics and other medications is often recommended. Non-drug methods have been indicated to minimize tissue damage after third molar extraction. Therefore, ozone therapy is gaining ground in Dentistry. Ozone therapy is a method that uses a gaseous mixture of ozone and pure oxygen as a supporting treatment agent for various diseases. In addition to stimulating blood circulation and tissue oxygenation, ozone is also known to have anti-inflammatory, analgesic, bactericidal, fungicidal and antiviral properties. The present work aims to report some clinical cases from a clinical study being carried out at the Federal University of Ceará - Sobral campus, whose purpose is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the use of ozone therapy in the postoperative period of third molar surgery. In this study, 5 patients were selected with indications for bilateral extraction of third molars in similar positions and who did not present pericoronitis and/or favism. All patients signed the consent form and the research was approved by the ethics committee. Preoperatively, patients were evaluated regarding their level of pain at the time of surgery, using the VAS scale. Furthermore, mouth opening was assessed with the aid of a caliper. All procedures were standardized and everyone involved in the care (operator, assistant, patient and researcher) was unaware of the technique being performed. On one side, the conventional technique was used (G1- CONTROL), and on the other side, the technique associated with ozone therapy (G2- TEST), drawn on the day of surgery and operated by the same surgeon. Ozone therapy was used through two routes: systemic and local. In the case of the systemic route, two techniques were used: auricular route (upper cases) and sublingual route (lower cases). In the case of the local route, ozonized gas applications were used during surgery. The patient was recommended to apply ozonized sunflower oil (G2) and non-ozonized sunflower oil (G1). The data (pain scale and mouth opening) were collected again immediately after surgery and 72 hours after tooth extraction. In this study, quantitative and qualitative variables were evaluated, such as the patient's perception of pain, mouth opening and pain medication intake. The results showed that patients in G2 (with ozone therapy) recovered more quickly and comfortably, with significantly less pain, maintenance of mouth opening and reduced need for analgesics. In the cases studied, no signs of infection or alveolitis were found for both techniques. It is concluded that ozone therapy considerably reduced postoperative pain compared to the conventional technique, and that it can be an effective, biocompatible and safe alternative for the postoperative treatment of third molar surgeries, helping to improve quality of life. of patients and bringing new perspectives to Dentistry. However, it is of great importance to carry out more studies on the subject.