Grupo terapêutico: sistematização da assistência de enfermagem em saúde mental a mulheres com transtornos neuróticos, relacionados ao estresse e somatoformes

Abstract

This research has the following goals: evaluate the nursing assistance in mental health to women with neurotic disturbances, related to the stress and somatoforms using as resource the group approach; systematize the nursing assistance in mental health these women trying to subside the improvement of this assistance and production of knowledge about this way of attention; identify the anxiety levei of the studying women, before and after the group sessions using the Hamilton (1959) Anxiety Evaluation Scale; describe the changes occurred in the conditions of the assisted women, from the intervention of the group, using as reference the earlier identified conditions. This research was carried out in Fortaleza city, it is a qualitative type, although we also have produced quantitative data. It was selected 18 women, where 17 participated of the group sessions. One of the criteria to be included in the group was that the participatings did not use psychotropic medicine. The group occurred from June of September / 2003, it was the close type of short length, and it was developed through sixteen weekly sessions of two hours. The group was developed in a room of the UFC nursing department. The Hamilton (1959) Anxiety Evaluation Scale was applied to the women before the first sessions and after the last one. To coordinate the therapeutic sessions we organized an interdisciplinary team with a coordinator (nurse), an auxiliary coordinator (psychologist) and an observer(nurse). Each session had five phases. We used as reference the gestalt therapy (RIBEIRO, 1999) and the therapeutical factors proposed by Yalon (1975), and in the analysis of the sessions we point out the categories coordination of the group and movement of the group. A bout the coordination of the group, we observed that although we have a formal planning, we always needed to adaptate the foreseen techniques to the new needs of group. About the movement of the group, we consider that the therapeutical process was productive to the participating women, although they were having different experiences reached different steps and searches for new configurations in the here-now. About the results we proved through the Hamilton (1959) Anxiety Evaluation Scale that when the participatings began the therapeutical process they presented an average levei of anxiety and when they finished the process they showed a normal or absent levei of anxiety and that there had been an improvement in the life quality, even without the use of anxiolitic medicine. The goals were reached when we systematized the nursing assistance through a therapeutical group and we found significant chancing in the women conditions after the end of the group. We also attribute the successful results to the group methodology used. We put the construction of the knowledge towards the attention to the people with neurotic disturbances, related to the stress and somatoforms. This systematic planning, not only spread the group as a modality of nursing assistance in mental, as well it is part of the registers of experiences in this health field propitiating discussions and more grounded exchanging among nurses and other professionals interested in the development of group coordination based on gestalt-therapy.