Cartografia social como instrumento de avaliação de impactos ambientais: o caso da barragem de fronteiras, Cratéus-CE

Abstract

This study analyzes the impacts of the construction of the Fronteiras’s Dam on the community of Cabaças in Crateús - CE, addressing the social, economic and environmental dynamics that arise in this context. To this end, workshops, discussion groups and the elaboration of the SWOT matrix (Strengths, Opportunities, Weaknesses and Threats) were held, in addition to the construction of the social map. Using this methodology, the main aspects that affect the community were identified, highlighting the strengths, such as the unity of residents and the actions of the Residents' Association, which strengthen the collective identity. Opportunities, including political support and social assistance, are explored as ways to mitigate the negative impacts of the dam. On the other hand, weaknesses, such as the precariousness of the infrastructure and the lack of political representation, reveal challenges that the community faces, while threats, especially expropriation, damage to the environment and to the psychological well-being of residents, emerge as pressing concerns. The results point to the need for participatory planning that involves residents in defining resettlement and development strategies, ensuring that their voices are heard. The conclusion emphasizes the urgency of an open and continuous dialogue between the community and the authorities, highlighting the importance of inclusive public policies that respect local culture. At the same time, the methodology used played an essential role in understanding the needs and perceptions of residents regarding the impacts of the dam, ensuring that their demands are integrated into the planning and decisions that shape the future of the community. Social mapping is consolidated as an instrument of struggle, strengthening the capacity of resistance and demands of residents.