Desenvolvimento de nanobiocompósitos para aplicação em sistemas de liberação controlada de fármacos

Abstract

In the last twenty years, the field of biomaterials based on calcium phosphates has grown rapidly, playing a key role as a bone substituent. Hydroxyapatite has chemical and structural similarity to the mineral phase of bone and teeth, is biocompatible and osteoconductive. It has excellent chemical and biological affinity with the bone tissue and important biomedical applications such as filling bone defects and scaffolds in tissues engineering. Hydroxyapatite nanocrystals were successfully synthesized by co-precipitation and hydrothermal route. X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, N2 adsorption/desorption, Zeta Potential and Transmission Electron Microscopy were used to structural characterization, size and morphology of the nanoparticles. Mesoporous structures were obtained with pore diameters ranging from 12 to 31 nm. The nanoparticles showed a rod-shaped mophorlogy and were incorporated into a polymer to form a scaffold. The drug simvastatin, which influences bone regeneration when locally applied, was associated with the biocomposite. The characterization of the scaffolds was performed by Scanning Electron Microscopy.