Avaliação do potencial terapêutico de ésteres do ácido cinâmico isolados da cera da carnaúba no tratamento das dislipidemias

Abstract

Dyslipidemia is the term used to characterize the disorders in several lipids components as welt as in the lipoproteins metabolism associated to cardiovascular diseases (CVD), atherosclerosis, diabetes and hypertension. Projections from the World Health Organization indicate that CVD will the most important cause of death both in developed countries and third world. Recently it was isolated from Carnauba's crude wax a chemical compound constituted by esters from cinamic acid found in the wax powder (PCO-C). These compounds show structure similar to Gama-Orizanol which pharmacological effects include cholesterol lowering activity, reduction on cholesterol hepatic production, reduction on absorption of biliar acids and increase in its excretion. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the therapeutic potencial and toxicity of PCO-C in prevention and treatment of dyslipidemias in order to contribute to its efficiency and safety and also evaluate the possible usage of this compound as a phytomedicine. To evaluate PCO-C on lipids methabolism groups of mice with induced dyslipidemia by Triton WR1339 and Poloxamer-407 were used. Animals were treated with gama-oryzanol (50mg/kg), PCO-C (10, 50 e 100 mg/kg) and sinvastatin (20mg/kg) and gemfibrozil (100mg/kg) as reference drugs. After treatment blood samples were collected to perform biochemical analysis (total cholesterol - CT; triglycerides - TG; glucose - GLI; urea - URE; creatinine - CRE; aspartate aminotransferase - AST; alanine aminotransferase - ALT). Samples of livers and kidneys were collected to histophatologycal analysis. The values are expressed as mean ± SEM. Significance, p < 0,05, was calculated by ANOVA and Newman-Keuls test. PCO-C has reduced both glicemic and lipid levels (CT, TG and GLI). These results were comparable to those observed after gama-oryzanol and reference drugs treatment. The results lead to aquisition of a patent once this drug is being analysed for the first time. The phytocompound is safe in the tested doses once no toxicity was showed after AST, ALT, URE and CRE analysis as well as after histophatological evaluation. Through the results it can be assumed that PCO-C is a promissing compound to the treatment of diseases associated to lipids and carbohydrates metabolism. Nevertheless, other pre-clinic and clinic studies need to be undertaken to clarify its real therapeutic aplicability.