Desenvolvimento socioeconômico e novas fronteiras agrícolas em municípios da região do Matopiba

Abstract

The growth of Brazilian agricultural production identified a great structural dynamism, considering the opening of the internal market through industrial production, from the aggregation of new areas, previously isolated, and the integrated production to the national economy. Occurring thus, in this territory a growth of the production of grains and the improvement in the socioeconomic indicators. However, there are studies showing that the results are not characterized in better living conditions of the population. The present study sought to identify and analyze the socioeconomic development, from the expansion of agribusiness, in the municipalities of the new agricultural frontier (MATOPIBA) in the years 2000 and 2010. To consolidate the analysis, in addition to bibliographical and documental research, we used Factor Analysis (FA) was used to develop the construction of a socioeconomic development index that encourages understanding the degree of socioeconomic development of the municipalities that are part of the new agricultural frontier, MATOPIBA. The AF model was satisfactory and showed a total explained variance greater than 0.70 of the total variance of the 15 chosen variables. In the extraction of the factors, 04 constructs were used to construct the Socioeconomic Development Index and enabled a classification into three degrees of development (low, medium and high) among the municipalities used in the study. The results showed that the socioeconomic development index is quite discrepant and expose heterogeneity in the municipalities studied. Evidences highlight the need to elaborate a public policy aimed at promoting territorial development, which should consider relevant aspects, such as education, health, inequality, basic sanitation, among others.