Efeito do treinamento calistênico na força dos membros inferiores em idosas hipertensas de um programa de saúde municipal em Fortaleza

Abstract

Calisthenic physical exercise as a non-pharmacological and easily accessible intervention can promote physical performance and enhance strength in elderly individuals. Thus, with calisthenic exercises, the development of functional capacity in elderly individuals is possible. Therefore, the objective of the study was to investigate the effects of calisthenic exercises on lower limb strength in elderly women who are users of the Flávio Marcílio UAPS health post in Fortaleza, Ceará. The present study had a cross-sectional design, conducted from July to August 2022, with a case-control methodology, quantitative in nature, and randomized by the administrative regions of the city of Fortaleza, where elderly individuals participating in exercise programs and those not participating in exercise programs were investigated, attended at the Primary Health Care Units - UAPS. The mentioned program was developed aiming at promoting the health of elderly individuals through calisthenic physical exercise. It started with light load to achieve basic movement capacity and comfortable range of motion. Progression to heavier loads occurred with increased joint range of motion and reduced rest time between sets. No significant differences were observed for anthropometric variables BMI (time effect: F = 0.014, p = 0.908, η2: 0.00 and power: 0.051; interaction effect: F = 0.056, p = 0.814, η2: 0.001 and power: 0.056). Similarly, blood pressure measurements were not different, SBP (time effect: F = 0.169, p = 0.683, η2: 0.004 and power: 0.069; interaction effect: F = 0.169, p = 0.683, η2: 0.004 and power: 0.069) and DBP (time effect: F = 0.006, p = 0.938, η2: 0.000 and power: 0.051; interaction effect: F = 0.006, p = 0.938, η2: 0.000 and power: 0.051). For functional physical performance, the research revealed a significant difference between post conditions for the number of repetitions in the sit-to-stand test (F = 7.987, p = 0.010, η2: 0.258 and power: 0.77); and in the distance covered in the six-minute walk test (F = 11.999, p = 0.002, η2: 0.34 and power: 0.912). Therefore, it can be concluded that through the comparison between the two groups, better results were observed in the strength capacity and maintenance of blood pressure in elderly women practicing calisthenics, compared to the control group.