Hidrogênio verde: principais perspectivas do cenário energético no Nordeste brasileiro

Abstract

The extensive and prolonged use of fossil fuels has intensified the impacts of the greenhouse effect, thus increasing global warming. The energy demand of essential sectors has grown exponentially since the industrial revolution and results in the emission of greenhouse pollutants. One of the strategies underway to maintain economic development in a sustainable manner is to promote the energy transition to renewable matrices, with green hydrogen being one of the main alternatives to boost decarbonization. This paper presents an overview of green hydrogen production in Northeast Brazil based on an analysis of the region’s energy potential, ongoing projects and the challenges and opportunities the region faces. The research is based on a literature review of green hydrogen, covering its general characteristics, applications and panorama in the global, national and regional context, focusing on the Brazilian Northeast. In view of the above, the Brazilian Northeast has a promising future in the production of green hydrogen and in its establishment as a renewable generation hub with a multiple matrix. This perspective is mainly based on the region’s favorable climatic conditions for the production of wind and photovoltaic energy, the main sources of green hydrogen energy.