Solução de internet das coisas para pequenos agricultores na região do Vale Jaguaribe

Abstract

The current technological landscape highlights the growing importance of the Internet of Things (IoT) across various sectors, optimizing processes and enhancing operational efficiency. This project focuses on implementing an IoT solution tailored for small farmers in the Vale Jaguaribe, Ceará,integratingsensors,ESP32microcontrollers(Wi-FiandLoRa),andtheMQTTprotocol. A gap was identified in agricultural practices in the Vale Jaguaribe region, lacking a technological solution for efficient real-time monitoring, adapted to predominant crops. The absence of specific tools for small farmers can limit the effectiveness of agricultural practices and resource management. The main objective of this work is to develop and test an IoT solution enabling small farmers in Vale Jaguaribe to monitor and manage crucial variables such as temperature, air humidity, and soil humidity. The proposal aims to provide a practical and sustainable tool to optimize agricultural activities and improve efficiency in the region. The methodology begins with a survey of agricultural activities in the region, identifying predominant crops to guide sensor selection. The LoRa communication infrastructure between transmitter and receiver is carefully planned to overcome environmental challenges. Practical implementation involves using ESP32 devices equipped with DHT11 and HW-390 sensors, integrated to monitor agricultural environmental conditions. Experimental tests cover various crops. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed solution, including the point-to-point radio range and real-time monitoring capability. Crops such as coconut, ciriguela, acerola, and corn were evaluated, consolidating data on soil humidity, air humidity, and temperature. The project concludes that the developed IoT solution has significant potential to enhance productivity and efficiency in family farming in the Vale Jaguaribe. The approach considers regional specifics, such as climate and cultivated crops, and seeks economic viability for farmers. The solution serves as a solid foundation for future technological research and implementations in the agricultural sector.