Sequência didática em ensino de física através da resolução de problemas com foco nas unidades de medidas

Abstract

It is frequent and noticeable the inability to operate units of measurement in the resolution of questions of the discipline of Physics on the part of high school students. In the present work we propose a didactic sequence in Teaching Physics in this teaching modality, using a teaching-learning methodology of Mathematics through the Theory of Problem Solving. Using the phases described in the book The Art of Solving Problems by George Polya, with a slight variation for application in Physics, the didactic sequence has as its primary focus the handling of the units of physical quantities. The motivation of the didactic sequence is to deduce some formulas present in the various subjects of Physics in order to promote to the students a greater knowledge of the units present in the measurements of physical quantities. The work provides a Didactic Guide with all the phases marked in Polya's work and the suggestion of some Physics questions present in previous tests in the area of Natural Sciences used in the National High School Examination (ENEM). In the Didactic Guide there are suggestions of ENEM questions for the teacher to be able to use them as an evaluation of the students during the application of the didactic sequence in the classroom. The application of the didactic sequence confirmed the existence of difficulty with measurement units by high school students, as well as in some mathematical processes. But it also showed us that work focusing on measurement units can reduce this difficulty.