Desenvolvimento de uma semeadora controlada remotamente

Abstract

The mechanization of agriculture has contributed to the increase and efficiency of world agricultural production. There are several agricultural operations during the cycle of a crop, among them we can highlight sowing as one of the most important stages, as the development of plants depends on it, which is directly linked to food production. Automation in agriculture aims to increase the efficiency, productivity and sustainability of agricultural activities covering several areas and processes. Automation is at the heart of precision agriculture, which combines data and technology to optimize management and decision making. Benefits include greater operational efficiency, cost reduction, efficient use of inputs, increased productivity and product quality. Autonomous agricultural vehicles are increasingly common, using sensors, cameras, GPS to carry out various activities. Sowing is an area of ​​great interest for agricultural research and the starting point for several innovations. The present work has the general objective of designing and building a low-cost and easy-to-operate automated seeder. In the preparation of the project, detailed drawings were developed that allowed the simulation of the functioning of the mechanisms to verify possible interferences. After the simulations, a prototype was built and then, with the mechanisms and electronic system assembled, tests were carried out in the laboratory to determine the maximum displacement speed, seed dosage and energy consumption. The seeder prototype obtained positive results with seed doser in the distribution of up to 150 seeds per minute, maximum displacement speed of 0.37 m.s-1 and a power of 30.72 W.