Uma extensão de iStar para modelagem de requisitos de acessibilidade

Abstract

The accessibility in software is a concept that aims to equalize the opportunities that people have when using them, promoting inclusion. A significant portion of the population has some form of disability (according to IBGE, in 2019, 8.4% of the Brazilian population had some form of disability), and they consequently require accessible systems to be able to use them. Despite the existence of guidelines, standards, and laws that support this process, the development of accessible systems is relatively new, and often the accessible systems developed do not fully meet the needs of users with disabilities. Requirements engineering is a fundamental phase of software development, in which the functionalities of the developed systems are identified and specified. In the context of requirements engineering, modeling languages can be used to specify the requirements of the system to be developed. Goal-oriented modeling languages, such as iStar, have been proposed to understand the needs, motivations, and social relationships of the involved parties. iStar has been extended to adequately model a variety of application domains and system specificities. iStar has extension creation supported by a set of proposals that range from an existing extensions catalog to an extension creation process. Thus, extending iStar presents itself as a well-supported path to develop high-quality extensions, including extensions proposed to represent system accessibility. Therefore, iStar was used as the basis for creating an extension capable of representing requirements for accessible systems for people with hearing, visual, motor, cognitive and temporary impairments. The proposed iStar extension in this work involves the inclusion of five concepts: Accessible Agent, Accessibility Quality, Accessible Task, Accessible Resource, and Accessibility Resource. Together, these concepts aim to model accessible systems in a standardized manner, contributing to their appropriate development.